O31 — Complications specific to multiple gestation

Billing Status: NO. This is a clinician non-billable / parent hierarchy grouping in the ICD-10-CM system.

Official Registry Overview & Definition

Complications specific to multiple gestation is a non-billable ICD-10-CM category code (O31). A more specific billable subcode must be selected for claims submission.

Official Tabular Instructional Notes

Sequencing, inclusion, and exclusion notes published for O31 in the official ICD-10-CM tabular list.

Excludes2 — Not Included Here

Conditions not covered by this code, but which may be reported alongside it when both are present.

delayed delivery of second twin, triplet, etc. (O63.2) Compare O31 vs O63.2 →
malpresentation of one fetus or more (O32.9) Compare O31 vs O32.9 →
placental transfusion syndromes (O43.0-) Compare O31 vs O43.0 →

Frequently Compared Codes

The official Excludes notes on O31 name these codes. Each comparison page covers when the two can — or must not — be reported together.

Change history

No changes recorded for this code — unchanged since the FY2016 baseline of the change ledger.

Verify Before Coding

Not billable as written — a more specific code is required: O31.00X0, O31.00X1, O31.00X2, O31.00X3, O31.00X4.
Requires a 7th character. "One of the following 7th characters is to be assigned to each code under category O31. 7th character 0 is for single gestations and multiple gestations where the fetus is unspecified. 7th characters 1 through 9 are for cases of multiple gestations to identify the fetus for which the code applies. The appropriate code from category O30, Multiple gestation, must also be assigned when assigning a code from category O31 that has a 7th character of 1 through 9." Options: O31.00X0, O31.00X1, O31.00X2, O31.00X3, O31.00X4, O31.00X5

From the code registry, the Medicare Code Editor, and the MS-DRG Definitions Manual. Check it against a full claim.

Contextual Map

Every relationship of O31 in one view: hierarchy, official tabular instructions in both directions, clinical classification, risk adjustment, MS-DRG participation, index terms and change history — each edge carrying the CMS source it derives from.

Hierarchy

O00-O9A — Chapter 15: Pregnancy, Childbirth and the Puerperium (O00-O9A) (O00-O9A) [Hierarchy]
O30-O48 — Maternal care related to the fetus and amniotic cavity and possible delivery problems [Hierarchy]

Excludes2

O32.9 — Maternal care for malpresentation of fetus, unspecified [Excludes2]: “malpresentation of one fetus or more (O32.9)” · check together
O43.0 — Placental transfusion syndromes [Excludes2]: “placental transfusion syndromes (O43.0-)” · check together
O63.2 — Delayed delivery of second twin, triplet, etc. [Excludes2]: “delayed delivery of second twin, triplet, etc. (O63.2)” · check together

Nearest codes (199)

O31.0 — Papyraceous fetus [Sibling]
O31.00 — Papyraceous fetus, unspecified trimester [Sibling]
O31.00X0 — Papyraceous fetus, unspecified trimester, not applicable or unspecified [Sibling]
O31.00X1 — Papyraceous fetus, unspecified trimester, fetus 1 [Sibling]
O31.00X2 — Papyraceous fetus, unspecified trimester, fetus 2 [Sibling]
O31.00X3 — Papyraceous fetus, unspecified trimester, fetus 3 [Sibling]
O31.00X4 — Papyraceous fetus, unspecified trimester, fetus 4 [Sibling]
O31.00X5 — Papyraceous fetus, unspecified trimester, fetus 5 [Sibling]
and 191 more

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) & Clinical Guidance

Can O31 be billed directly?

No. O31 (Complications specific to multiple gestation) is a non-billable ICD-10-CM category code. A more specific billable subcode must be selected based on clinical documentation.

Does O31 require a 7th character?

Yes. One of the following 7th characters is to be assigned to each code under category O31. 7th character 0 is for single gestations and multiple gestations where the fetus is unspecified. 7th characters 1 through 9 are for cases of multiple gestations to identify the fetus for which the code applies. The appropriate code from category O30, Multiple gestation, must also be assigned when assigning a code from category O31 that has a 7th character of 1 through 9.; 0: not applicable or unspecified; 1: fetus 1; 2: fetus 2; 3: fetus 3; 4: fetus 4; 5: fetus 5; 9: other fetus.

Nearest Codes in This Family

Official ICD-10-CM classifications closest to O31 in its code family, with their registry titles.

O31.0 — Papyraceous fetus
O31.00 — Papyraceous fetus, unspecified trimester
O31.00X0 — Papyraceous fetus, unspecified trimester, not applicable or unspecified
O31.00X1 — Papyraceous fetus, unspecified trimester, fetus 1
O31.00X2 — Papyraceous fetus, unspecified trimester, fetus 2
O31.00X3 — Papyraceous fetus, unspecified trimester, fetus 3
O31.00X4 — Papyraceous fetus, unspecified trimester, fetus 4
O31.00X5 — Papyraceous fetus, unspecified trimester, fetus 5
O31.00X9 — Papyraceous fetus, unspecified trimester, other fetus
O31.01 — Papyraceous fetus, first trimester
O31.01X0 — Papyraceous fetus, first trimester, not applicable or unspecified
O31.01X1 — Papyraceous fetus, first trimester, fetus 1
O31.01X2 — Papyraceous fetus, first trimester, fetus 2
O31.01X3 — Papyraceous fetus, first trimester, fetus 3
O31.01X4 — Papyraceous fetus, first trimester, fetus 4
O31.01X5 — Papyraceous fetus, first trimester, fetus 5
O31.01X9 — Papyraceous fetus, first trimester, other fetus
O31.02 — Papyraceous fetus, second trimester
O31.02X0 — Papyraceous fetus, second trimester, not applicable or unspecified
O31.02X1 — Papyraceous fetus, second trimester, fetus 1
O31.02X2 — Papyraceous fetus, second trimester, fetus 2
O31.02X3 — Papyraceous fetus, second trimester, fetus 3
O31.02X4 — Papyraceous fetus, second trimester, fetus 4
O31.02X5 — Papyraceous fetus, second trimester, fetus 5
O31.02X9 — Papyraceous fetus, second trimester, other fetus
O31.03 — Papyraceous fetus, third trimester
O31.03X0 — Papyraceous fetus, third trimester, not applicable or unspecified
O31.03X1 — Papyraceous fetus, third trimester, fetus 1
O31.03X2 — Papyraceous fetus, third trimester, fetus 2
O31.03X3 — Papyraceous fetus, third trimester, fetus 3
O31.03X4 — Papyraceous fetus, third trimester, fetus 4
O31.03X5 — Papyraceous fetus, third trimester, fetus 5
O31.03X9 — Papyraceous fetus, third trimester, other fetus
O31.1 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more
O31.10 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester
O31.10X0 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, not applicable or unspecified
O31.10X1 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 1
O31.10X2 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 2
O31.10X3 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 3
O31.10X4 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 4
O31.10X5 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 5
O31.10X9 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, other fetus
O31.11 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, first trimester
O31.11X0 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, first trimester, not applicable or unspecified
O31.11X1 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 1
O31.11X2 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 2
O31.11X3 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 3
O31.11X4 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 4
O31.11X5 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 5
O31.11X9 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, first trimester, other fetus
O31.12 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, second trimester
O31.12X0 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, second trimester, not applicable or unspecified
O31.12X1 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 1
O31.12X2 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 2
O31.12X3 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 3
O31.12X4 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 4
O31.12X5 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 5
O31.12X9 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, second trimester, other fetus
O31.13 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, third trimester
O31.13X0 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, third trimester, not applicable or unspecified
O31.13X1 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 1
O31.13X2 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 2
O31.13X3 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 3
O31.13X4 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 4
O31.13X5 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 5
O31.13X9 — Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, third trimester, other fetus
O31.2 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more
O31.20 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester
O31.20X0 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, not applicable or unspecified
O31.20X1 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 1
O31.20X2 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 2
O31.20X3 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 3
O31.20X4 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 4
O31.20X5 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 5
O31.20X9 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, other fetus
O31.21 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, first trimester
O31.21X0 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, first trimester, not applicable or unspecified
O31.21X1 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 1
O31.21X2 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 2
O31.21X3 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 3
O31.21X4 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 4
O31.21X5 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 5
O31.21X9 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, first trimester, other fetus
O31.22 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, second trimester
O31.22X0 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, second trimester, not applicable or unspecified
O31.22X1 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 1
O31.22X2 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 2
O31.22X3 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 3
O31.22X4 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 4
O31.22X5 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 5
O31.22X9 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, second trimester, other fetus
O31.23 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, third trimester
O31.23X0 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, third trimester, not applicable or unspecified
O31.23X1 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 1
O31.23X2 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 2
O31.23X3 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 3
O31.23X4 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 4
O31.23X5 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 5
O31.23X9 — Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, third trimester, other fetus
O31.3 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more
O31.30 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester
O31.30X0 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, not applicable or unspecified
O31.30X1 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 1
O31.30X2 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 2
O31.30X3 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 3
O31.30X4 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 4
O31.30X5 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 5
O31.30X9 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, other fetus
O31.31 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, first trimester
O31.31X0 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, first trimester, not applicable or unspecified
O31.31X1 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 1
O31.31X2 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 2
O31.31X3 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 3
O31.31X4 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 4
O31.31X5 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 5
O31.31X9 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, first trimester, other fetus
O31.32 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, second trimester
O31.32X0 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, second trimester, not applicable or unspecified
O31.32X1 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 1
O31.32X2 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 2
O31.32X3 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 3
O31.32X4 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 4
O31.32X5 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 5
O31.32X9 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, second trimester, other fetus
O31.33 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, third trimester
O31.33X0 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, third trimester, not applicable or unspecified
O31.33X1 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 1
O31.33X2 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 2
O31.33X3 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 3
O31.33X4 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 4
O31.33X5 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 5
O31.33X9 — Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, third trimester, other fetus
O31.4 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more
O31.40 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester
O31.40X0 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, not applicable or unspecified
O31.40X1 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 1
O31.40X2 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 2
O31.40X3 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 3
O31.40X4 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 4
O31.40X5 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 5
O31.40X9 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, other fetus
O31.41 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, first trimester
O31.41X0 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, first trimester, not applicable or unspecified
O31.41X1 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 1
O31.41X2 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 2
O31.41X3 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 3
O31.41X4 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 4
O31.41X5 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 5
O31.41X9 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, first trimester, other fetus
O31.42 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, second trimester
O31.42X0 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, second trimester, not applicable or unspecified
O31.42X1 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 1
O31.42X2 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 2
O31.42X3 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 3
O31.42X4 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 4
O31.42X5 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 5
O31.42X9 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, second trimester, other fetus
O31.43 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, third trimester
O31.43X0 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, third trimester, not applicable or unspecified
O31.43X1 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 1
O31.43X2 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 2
O31.43X3 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 3
O31.43X4 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 4
O31.43X5 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 5
O31.43X9 — Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, third trimester, other fetus
O31.8 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation
O31.8X — Other complications specific to multiple gestation
O31.8X1 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, first trimester
O31.8X10 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, first trimester, not applicable or unspecified
O31.8X11 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, first trimester, fetus 1
O31.8X12 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, first trimester, fetus 2
O31.8X13 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, first trimester, fetus 3
O31.8X14 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, first trimester, fetus 4
O31.8X15 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, first trimester, fetus 5
O31.8X19 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, first trimester, other fetus
O31.8X2 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, second trimester
O31.8X20 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, second trimester, not applicable or unspecified
O31.8X21 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, second trimester, fetus 1
O31.8X22 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, second trimester, fetus 2
O31.8X23 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, second trimester, fetus 3
O31.8X24 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, second trimester, fetus 4
O31.8X25 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, second trimester, fetus 5
O31.8X29 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, second trimester, other fetus
O31.8X3 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, third trimester
O31.8X30 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, third trimester, not applicable or unspecified
O31.8X31 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, third trimester, fetus 1
O31.8X32 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, third trimester, fetus 2
O31.8X33 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, third trimester, fetus 3
O31.8X34 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, third trimester, fetus 4
O31.8X35 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, third trimester, fetus 5
O31.8X39 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, third trimester, other fetus
O31.8X9 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, unspecified trimester
O31.8X90 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, unspecified trimester, not applicable or unspecified
O31.8X91 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, unspecified trimester, fetus 1
O31.8X92 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, unspecified trimester, fetus 2
O31.8X93 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, unspecified trimester, fetus 3
O31.8X94 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, unspecified trimester, fetus 4
O31.8X95 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, unspecified trimester, fetus 5
O31.8X99 — Other complications specific to multiple gestation, unspecified trimester, other fetus

O31 ICD-10-CM Code: Complications specific to multiple gestation