R40 ICD-10-CM Code: Somnolence, stupor and coma
Billing Status: NO. This is a clinician non-billable / parent hierarchy grouping in the ICD-10-CM system.
Coding at a Glance
- Tabular directives
- 4 Excludes1 · 1 Excludes2
Coding instructions
Official Tabular Instructional Notes: the inclusion, exclusion and sequencing notes published for R40 in the official ICD-10-CM tabular list, quoted as published.
Source: CMS/CDC — ICD-10-CM Tabular ListRelease: FY2026Effective: October 1, 2025
Notes without a marker are published on R40 itself; “inherited from” names the category or block whose note applies here.
Excludes1 — Not Coded Here
Conditions generally not reported together with this code (Excludes1) -- an error unless the two conditions are documented as unrelated to each other (ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines, Section I.A.12.a).
- neonatal coma (P91.5) Compare R40 vs P91.5 →
- somnolence, stupor and coma in diabetes (E08-E13) Compare R40 vs E08 →
- somnolence, stupor and coma in hepatic failure (K72.-) Compare R40 vs K72 →
- somnolence, stupor and coma in hypoglycemia (nondiabetic) (E15) Compare R40 vs E15 →
Excludes2 — Not Included Here
Conditions not covered by this code, but which may be reported alongside it when both are present.
- symptoms and signs constituting part of a pattern of mental disorder (F01-F99) Compare R40 vs F01 →
Source: inherited from R40-R46
Coder workflow for R40
MedCoder structured workflow — derived from this code’s own official record
Before you code R40
- R40 is not reportable as written. Select the more specific code beneath it that the documentation supports. Codes are reported to the highest level of specificity the classification provides (Guidelines I.B.2).
ReviewR40.0, R40.1, R40.2, R40.3, R40.4
See the relationships section · Guide: How to choose an ICD-10-CM code →
- Check whether an established diagnosis that explains this sign or symptom is documented. If one is, review whether the documented diagnosis changes the coding pathway: a symptom that is integral to a confirmed diagnosis is not reported separately, while one not routinely associated with it may be. Signs and symptoms are reported when no definitive diagnosis is established (Guidelines I.B.4, I.B.5, I.B.6, I.C.18.b).
- Check the Excludes1 note: if the documentation supports a condition named there, do not simply proceed with R40. Excludes1 conditions are not reported together with this code unless the record shows they are unrelated (Guidelines I.A.12.a).
Choose the right path
- Does the documentation support one of the more specific codes beneath R40?
Yes → Select that code and continue the checks below on its own page.
No → R40 cannot be reported as written; query for the specificity its subcategory needs. - Is an established diagnosis that explains this sign or symptom documented?
Yes → Review whether the documented diagnosis changes the coding pathway: a symptom integral to it is not reported separately.
No → Continue — the sign or symptom code stands when no definitive diagnosis is established. - Does the documentation support a condition named in R40’s Excludes1 note?
Yes → Do not simply proceed: review the excluded code. Both are reported only when the record shows the two conditions are unrelated.
No → Continue.
Consider R40. Then confirm the code is valid for the date of service in the Verify section.
Documentation check
- The provider’s diagnostic statement
- Codes are assigned from the provider’s documented diagnosis, not from clinical criteria, test values or a medication list (Guidelines I.A.19).
Official instructions as workflow
Excludes1 — check before selecting R40(4 notes)
Coding workflow: If the documentation supports a condition named in this note, do not simply proceed with R40: the two are not reported together. The one exception is when the record shows the two conditions are unrelated to each other.
See the official tabular notes · Guidelines I.A.12.a
Excludes2 — not part of R40(1 note)
Coding workflow: The conditions named in this note are not included in R40. When the record documents both, both may be reported; the note is a boundary, not a prohibition.
See the official tabular notes · Guidelines I.A.12.b
Coding decision scenarios
Pattern scenarios for this code’s structure — decision rules, not clinical cases
Documentation: The sign or symptom is documented, and the same record establishes a diagnosis that routinely includes it.
Coding question: Is R40 reported in addition to the diagnosis?
Path: Review the documented diagnosis and whether the classification treats this finding as integral to it.
Reason: Signs and symptoms integral to a confirmed diagnosis are not coded separately; those not routinely associated with it may be reported when present (Guidelines I.B.5, I.B.6, I.C.18.b).
Documentation: Both the condition R40 describes and a condition named in its Excludes1 note are documented for the same encounter.
Coding question: Can both codes be reported?
Path: Review the Excludes1 note and the excluded code, and look for a provider statement on whether the two conditions are related.
Reason: Excludes1 means the two are not coded together; the exception is when the record shows the conditions are unrelated to each other (Guidelines I.A.12.a).
Every row is derived from this code’s own record — its title, tabular notes, 7th-character family and same-category siblings — with fixed MedCoder wording; nothing is inferred about a patient. The official notes and guideline text are in the sections each row links to, and they control.
Code Overview
MedCoder summary Summary composed by MedCoder from this code's official ICD-10-CM record. The tabular instructional notes themselves appear verbatim below.
Verify Before Coding
- Not billable as written — a more specific code is required: R40.0, R40.1, R40.20, R40.2110, R40.2111.
From the code registry, the Medicare Code Editor, and the MS-DRG Definitions Manual. Check it against a full claim in Claim Check.
Relationships & Classification
MedCoder structured relationships — computed from published CMS and AHRQ datasets
Other codes that name R40 or its code family, from the CMS ICD-10-CM tabular instructional notes. Tabular-note edges are stored at the code family level that carries each note.
Referenced by 1 Excludes1 note: R41.82 — Altered mental status, unspecified.
These codes’ tabular lists mark this diagnosis as mutually exclusive — not reported together unless the conditions are documented as unrelated.
Referenced by 2 Use Additional Code instructions: T65.85 — Toxic effect of medetomidine, T67.0 — Heatstroke and sunstroke.
These codes instruct coders to additionally report this code when it applies.
Contextual Map
Every relationship of R40 in one view: hierarchy, official tabular instructions in both directions, clinical classification, risk adjustment, MS-DRG participation, index terms and change history — each edge carrying the CMS source it derives from.
Run R40 with these 11 related codes in Claim Check
Hierarchy
- R00-R99 — Chapter 18: Symptoms, Signs and Abnormal Clinical and Laboratory Findings, Not Elsewhere Classified (R00-R99) (R00-R99)[Hierarchy]— CMS ICD-10-CM tabular structure · icd10cm-fy2026
- R40-R46 — Symptoms and signs involving cognition, perception, emotional state and behavior[Hierarchy]— CMS ICD-10-CM tabular structure · icd10cm-fy2026
Excludes1
- E08 — Diabetes mellitus due to underlying condition[Excludes1]: “somnolence, stupor and coma in diabetes (E08-E13)”— CMS ICD-10-CM tabular instructional notes · icd10cm-fy2026
- E09 — Drug or chemical induced diabetes mellitus[Excludes1]: “somnolence, stupor and coma in diabetes (E08-E13)”— CMS ICD-10-CM tabular instructional notes · icd10cm-fy2026
- E10 — Type 1 diabetes mellitus[Excludes1]: “somnolence, stupor and coma in diabetes (E08-E13)”— CMS ICD-10-CM tabular instructional notes · icd10cm-fy2026
- E11 — Type 2 diabetes mellitus[Excludes1]: “somnolence, stupor and coma in diabetes (E08-E13)”— CMS ICD-10-CM tabular instructional notes · icd10cm-fy2026
- E13 — Other specified diabetes mellitus[Excludes1]: “somnolence, stupor and coma in diabetes (E08-E13)”— CMS ICD-10-CM tabular instructional notes · icd10cm-fy2026
- E15 — Nondiabetic hypoglycemic coma[Excludes1]: “somnolence, stupor and coma in hypoglycemia (nondiabetic) (E15)”— CMS ICD-10-CM tabular instructional notes · icd10cm-fy2026
- K72 — Hepatic failure, not elsewhere classified[Excludes1]: “somnolence, stupor and coma in hepatic failure (K72.-)”— CMS ICD-10-CM tabular instructional notes · icd10cm-fy2026
- P91.5 — Neonatal coma[Excludes1]: “neonatal coma (P91.5)”— CMS ICD-10-CM tabular instructional notes · icd10cm-fy2026
Referenced by Excludes1 notes
- R41.82 — Altered mental status, unspecified[Excludes1]: “altered level of consciousness (R40.-)”— CMS ICD-10-CM tabular instructional notes · icd10cm-fy2026
Referenced by Use Additional Code instructions
- T65.85 — Toxic effect of medetomidine[Use Additional Code]: “somnolence, stupor and coma (R40.-)”— CMS ICD-10-CM tabular instructional notes · icd10cm-fy2026
- T67.0 — Heatstroke and sunstroke[Use Additional Code]: “coma and stupor (R40.-)”— CMS ICD-10-CM tabular instructional notes · icd10cm-fy2026
Nearest codes (125)
- R40.0 — Somnolence[Sibling]— CMS ICD-10-CM tabular structure · icd10cm-fy2026
- R40.1 — Stupor[Sibling]— CMS ICD-10-CM tabular structure · icd10cm-fy2026
- R40.2 — Coma[Sibling]— CMS ICD-10-CM tabular structure · icd10cm-fy2026
- R40.20 — Unspecified coma[Sibling]— CMS ICD-10-CM tabular structure · icd10cm-fy2026
- R40.21 — Coma scale, eyes open[Sibling]— CMS ICD-10-CM tabular structure · icd10cm-fy2026
- R40.211 — Coma scale, eyes open, never[Sibling]— CMS ICD-10-CM tabular structure · icd10cm-fy2026
- R40.2110 — Coma scale, eyes open, never, unspecified time[Sibling]— CMS ICD-10-CM tabular structure · icd10cm-fy2026
- R40.2111 — Coma scale, eyes open, never, in the field [EMT or ambulance][Sibling]— CMS ICD-10-CM tabular structure · icd10cm-fy2026
- and 117 more
Change history
- FY2016 — In the code set at ICD-10-CM adoption [Change history]— CMS release files (code change ledger) · icd10cm-fy2016
Common coding questions
Can R40 be billed directly?
No. R40 (Somnolence, stupor and coma) is a non-billable ICD-10-CM category code. A more specific billable subcode must be selected based on clinical documentation.
Sources for this page
Codes, titles, notes, index terms and mappings on this page are transcribed from the datasets below. Relationships MedCoder computed and text MedCoder wrote are labelled where they appear.
- Code, title, tabular notes and index terms Official source data
- CMS/CDC ICD-10-CM FY2026 tabular list, index and tables, effective October 1, 2025 Release, file and checksum · Publisher’s page
- Claim edits Official source data
- CMS Definitions of Medicare Code Edits — v43.1 (April 2026) Release, file and checksum · Publisher’s page
- Change history and date-of-service validity Official source data
- CMS ICD-10-CM release addenda, ingested release by release into the change ledger Release, file and checksum · Publisher’s page
- Comparisons, relationships and the contextual map MedCoder structured relationship
- Computed by MedCoder from the tabular notes and tables above; every derived relationship is marked as derived where it appears
- Summary and FAQ answers MedCoder explanation
- Written by MedCoder to explain the sources above: drafted with AI assistance, checked by a person against the release files, and labelled as MedCoder text where it appears. Not official text.
Labels on this page: Official source data · MedCoder structured relationship · MedCoder explanation. How to read the labels · All data sources and release dates
Cite this page
Reference this page in a research guide, syllabus or article. The release is included because code content changes each year.
MedCoder.ai. "R40 — Somnolence, stupor and coma." ICD-10-CM FY2026. https://medcoder.ai/icd10/code/r40-somnolence-stupor-and-coma
Change history
- FY2016 — October 1, 2015In the code set at ICD-10-CM adoptionSomnolence, stupor and coma
No changes since FY2016 — additions, deletions, description changes and billable-status changes are tracked through FY2027 (effective October 1, 2026), and none are recorded for this code. Note changes are tracked from FY2027 only.
Nearest Codes in This Family
Official ICD-10-CM classifications closest to R40 in its code family, with their registry titles.
- R40.0 — Somnolence
- R40.1 — Stupor
- R40.2 — Coma
- R40.20 — Unspecified coma
- R40.21 — Coma scale, eyes open
- R40.211 — Coma scale, eyes open, never
- R40.2110 — Coma scale, eyes open, never, unspecified time
- R40.2111 — Coma scale, eyes open, never, in the field [EMT or ambulance]
- R40.2112 — Coma scale, eyes open, never, at arrival to emergency department
- R40.2113 — Coma scale, eyes open, never, at hospital admission
- R40.2114 — Coma scale, eyes open, never, 24 hours or more after hospital admission
- R40.212 — Coma scale, eyes open, to pain
- R40.2120 — Coma scale, eyes open, to pain, unspecified time
- R40.2121 — Coma scale, eyes open, to pain, in the field [EMT or ambulance]
- R40.2122 — Coma scale, eyes open, to pain, at arrival to emergency department
- R40.2123 — Coma scale, eyes open, to pain, at hospital admission
- R40.2124 — Coma scale, eyes open, to pain, 24 hours or more after hospital admission
- R40.213 — Coma scale, eyes open, to sound
- R40.2130 — Coma scale, eyes open, to sound, unspecified time
- R40.2131 — Coma scale, eyes open, to sound, in the field [EMT or ambulance]
- R40.2132 — Coma scale, eyes open, to sound, at arrival to emergency department
- R40.2133 — Coma scale, eyes open, to sound, at hospital admission
- R40.2134 — Coma scale, eyes open, to sound, 24 hours or more after hospital admission
- R40.214 — Coma scale, eyes open, spontaneous
- R40.2140 — Coma scale, eyes open, spontaneous, unspecified time
- R40.2141 — Coma scale, eyes open, spontaneous, in the field [EMT or ambulance]
- R40.2142 — Coma scale, eyes open, spontaneous, at arrival to emergency department
- R40.2143 — Coma scale, eyes open, spontaneous, at hospital admission
- R40.2144 — Coma scale, eyes open, spontaneous, 24 hours or more after hospital admission
- R40.22 — Coma scale, best verbal response
- R40.221 — Coma scale, best verbal response, none
- R40.2210 — Coma scale, best verbal response, none, unspecified time
- R40.2211 — Coma scale, best verbal response, none, in the field [EMT or ambulance]
- R40.2212 — Coma scale, best verbal response, none, at arrival to emergency department
- R40.2213 — Coma scale, best verbal response, none, at hospital admission
- R40.2214 — Coma scale, best verbal response, none, 24 hours or more after hospital admission
- R40.222 — Coma scale, best verbal response, incomprehensible words
- R40.2220 — Coma scale, best verbal response, incomprehensible words, unspecified time
- R40.2221 — Coma scale, best verbal response, incomprehensible words, in the field [EMT or ambulance]
- R40.2222 — Coma scale, best verbal response, incomprehensible words, at arrival to emergency department
- R40.2223 — Coma scale, best verbal response, incomprehensible words, at hospital admission
- R40.2224 — Coma scale, best verbal response, incomprehensible words, 24 hours or more after hospital admission
- R40.223 — Coma scale, best verbal response, inappropriate words
- R40.2230 — Coma scale, best verbal response, inappropriate words, unspecified time
- R40.2231 — Coma scale, best verbal response, inappropriate words, in the field [EMT or ambulance]
- R40.2232 — Coma scale, best verbal response, inappropriate words, at arrival to emergency department
- R40.2233 — Coma scale, best verbal response, inappropriate words, at hospital admission
- R40.2234 — Coma scale, best verbal response, inappropriate words, 24 hours or more after hospital admission
- R40.224 — Coma scale, best verbal response, confused conversation
- R40.2240 — Coma scale, best verbal response, confused conversation, unspecified time
- R40.2241 — Coma scale, best verbal response, confused conversation, in the field [EMT or ambulance]
- R40.2242 — Coma scale, best verbal response, confused conversation, at arrival to emergency department
- R40.2243 — Coma scale, best verbal response, confused conversation, at hospital admission
- R40.2244 — Coma scale, best verbal response, confused conversation, 24 hours or more after hospital admission
- R40.225 — Coma scale, best verbal response, oriented
- R40.2250 — Coma scale, best verbal response, oriented, unspecified time
- R40.2251 — Coma scale, best verbal response, oriented, in the field [EMT or ambulance]
- R40.2252 — Coma scale, best verbal response, oriented, at arrival to emergency department
- R40.2253 — Coma scale, best verbal response, oriented, at hospital admission
- R40.2254 — Coma scale, best verbal response, oriented, 24 hours or more after hospital admission
- R40.23 — Coma scale, best motor response
- R40.231 — Coma scale, best motor response, none
- R40.2310 — Coma scale, best motor response, none, unspecified time
- R40.2311 — Coma scale, best motor response, none, in the field [EMT or ambulance]
- R40.2312 — Coma scale, best motor response, none, at arrival to emergency department
- R40.2313 — Coma scale, best motor response, none, at hospital admission
- R40.2314 — Coma scale, best motor response, none, 24 hours or more after hospital admission
- R40.232 — Coma scale, best motor response, extension
- R40.2320 — Coma scale, best motor response, extension, unspecified time
- R40.2321 — Coma scale, best motor response, extension, in the field [EMT or ambulance]
- R40.2322 — Coma scale, best motor response, extension, at arrival to emergency department
- R40.2323 — Coma scale, best motor response, extension, at hospital admission
- R40.2324 — Coma scale, best motor response, extension, 24 hours or more after hospital admission
- R40.233 — Coma scale, best motor response, abnormal flexion
- R40.2330 — Coma scale, best motor response, abnormal flexion, unspecified time
- R40.2331 — Coma scale, best motor response, abnormal flexion, in the field [EMT or ambulance]
- R40.2332 — Coma scale, best motor response, abnormal flexion, at arrival to emergency department
- R40.2333 — Coma scale, best motor response, abnormal flexion, at hospital admission
- R40.2334 — Coma scale, best motor response, abnormal flexion, 24 hours or more after hospital admission
- R40.234 — Coma scale, best motor response, flexion withdrawal
- R40.2340 — Coma scale, best motor response, flexion withdrawal, unspecified time
- R40.2341 — Coma scale, best motor response, flexion withdrawal, in the field [EMT or ambulance]
- R40.2342 — Coma scale, best motor response, flexion withdrawal, at arrival to emergency department
- R40.2343 — Coma scale, best motor response, flexion withdrawal, at hospital admission
- R40.2344 — Coma scale, best motor response, flexion withdrawal, 24 hours or more after hospital admission
- R40.235 — Coma scale, best motor response, localizes pain
- R40.2350 — Coma scale, best motor response, localizes pain, unspecified time
- R40.2351 — Coma scale, best motor response, localizes pain, in the field [EMT or ambulance]
- R40.2352 — Coma scale, best motor response, localizes pain, at arrival to emergency department
- R40.2353 — Coma scale, best motor response, localizes pain, at hospital admission
- R40.2354 — Coma scale, best motor response, localizes pain, 24 hours or more after hospital admission
- R40.236 — Coma scale, best motor response, obeys commands
- R40.2360 — Coma scale, best motor response, obeys commands, unspecified time
- R40.2361 — Coma scale, best motor response, obeys commands, in the field [EMT or ambulance]
- R40.2362 — Coma scale, best motor response, obeys commands, at arrival to emergency department
- R40.2363 — Coma scale, best motor response, obeys commands, at hospital admission
- R40.2364 — Coma scale, best motor response, obeys commands, 24 hours or more after hospital admission
- R40.24 — Glasgow coma scale, total score
- R40.241 — Glasgow coma scale score 13-15
- R40.2410 — Glasgow coma scale score 13-15, unspecified time
- R40.2411 — Glasgow coma scale score 13-15, in the field [EMT or ambulance]
- R40.2412 — Glasgow coma scale score 13-15, at arrival to emergency department
- R40.2413 — Glasgow coma scale score 13-15, at hospital admission
- R40.2414 — Glasgow coma scale score 13-15, 24 hours or more after hospital admission
- R40.242 — Glasgow coma scale score 9-12
- R40.2420 — Glasgow coma scale score 9-12, unspecified time
- R40.2421 — Glasgow coma scale score 9-12, in the field [EMT or ambulance]
- R40.2422 — Glasgow coma scale score 9-12, at arrival to emergency department
- R40.2423 — Glasgow coma scale score 9-12, at hospital admission
- R40.2424 — Glasgow coma scale score 9-12, 24 hours or more after hospital admission
- R40.243 — Glasgow coma scale score 3-8
- R40.2430 — Glasgow coma scale score 3-8, unspecified time
- R40.2431 — Glasgow coma scale score 3-8, in the field [EMT or ambulance]
- R40.2432 — Glasgow coma scale score 3-8, at arrival to emergency department
- R40.2433 — Glasgow coma scale score 3-8, at hospital admission
- R40.2434 — Glasgow coma scale score 3-8, 24 hours or more after hospital admission
- R40.244 — Other coma, without documented Glasgow coma scale score, or with partial score reported
- R40.2440 — Other coma, without documented Glasgow coma scale score, or with partial score reported, unspecified time
- R40.2441 — Other coma, without documented Glasgow coma scale score, or with partial score reported, in the field [EMT or ambulance]
- R40.2442 — Other coma, without documented Glasgow coma scale score, or with partial score reported, at arrival to emergency department
- R40.2443 — Other coma, without documented Glasgow coma scale score, or with partial score reported, at hospital admission
- R40.2444 — Other coma, without documented Glasgow coma scale score, or with partial score reported, 24 hours or more after hospital admission
- R40.2A — Nontraumatic coma due to underlying condition
- R40.3 — Persistent vegetative state
- R40.4 — Transient alteration of awareness