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Compare/S31 vs T34

S31 vs T34

S31 (Open wound of abdomen, lower back, pelvis and external genitals) compared with T34 (Frostbite with tissue necrosis), from the official CMS tabular data. Both may be reported when both conditions are documented (Excludes2).

Can these codes be reported together?

Yes, when both are documented. S31 carries an Excludes2 note covering T34: “frostbite (T33-T34)”

Excludes2 marks distinct conditions — both may be reported when both are documented.

Side by side

S31Open wound of abdomen, lower back, pelvis and external genitalsT34Frostbite with tissue necrosis
Billing statusNon-billable header

Report instead: S31.000A, S31.000D, S31.000S, S31.001A, S31.001D

Non-billable header

Report instead: T34.011A, T34.011D, T34.011S, T34.012A, T34.012D

ClassificationS00-T88 — Injury, Poisoning and Certain Other Consequences of External Causes (S00-T88)S00-T88 — Injury, Poisoning and Certain Other Consequences of External Causes (S00-T88)
DefinitionOpen wound of abdomen, lower back, pelvis and external genitals is a non-billable ICD-10-CM category code (S31).Frostbite with tissue necrosis is a non-billable ICD-10-CM category code (T34).
7th characterThe appropriate 7th character is to be added to each code from category S31The appropriate 7th character is to be added to each code from category T34
Includes
injuries to the abdominal wall
injuries to the anus
injuries to the buttock
injuries to the external genitalia

Derived from the official CMS ICD-10-CM tabular data (FY2026). Not billing advice; verify sequencing rules for the encounter. All data sources