Z77.1 vs Z91
Z77.1 (Contact with and (suspected) exposure to environmental pollution and hazards in the physical environment) compared with Z91 (Personal risk factors, not elsewhere classified), from the official CMS tabular data. Both may be reported when both conditions are documented (Excludes2).
Can these codes be reported together?
Yes, when both are documented. Z91 carries an Excludes2 note covering Z77.1: “contact with and (suspected) exposures hazardous to health (Z77.-)”
Excludes2 marks distinct conditions — both may be reported when both are documented.
Yes, when both are documented. Z91 carries an Excludes2 note covering Z77.1: “exposure to pollution and other problems related to physical environment (Z77.1-)”
Excludes2 marks distinct conditions — both may be reported when both are documented.
Side by side
| Z77.1Contact with and (suspected) exposure to environmental pollution and hazards in the physical environment | Z91Personal risk factors, not elsewhere classified | |
|---|---|---|
| Billing status | Non-billable header | Non-billable header Report instead: Z91.010, Z91.0110, Z91.0111, Z91.0112, Z91.0120 |
| Classification | Z00-Z99 — Factors Influencing Health Status and Contact with Health Services (Z00-Z99) | Z00-Z99 — Factors Influencing Health Status and Contact with Health Services (Z00-Z99) |
| Definition | Contact with and (suspected) exposure to environmental pollution and hazards in the physical environment is a non-billable ICD-10-CM category code (Z77.1). | Personal risk factors, not elsewhere classified is a non-billable ICD-10-CM category code (Z91). |
| Includes | contact with and (suspected) exposures to potential hazards to health | — |
Derived from the official CMS ICD-10-CM tabular data (FY2026). Not billing advice; verify sequencing rules for the encounter. All data sources