M20-M25 vs M40

M20-M25 (Other joint disorders (M20-M25)) compared with M40 (Kyphosis and lordosis), from the official CMS tabular data.

Summary

These codes can be reported together when both conditions are documented, because M20-M25 lists M40 under Excludes2, which marks them as distinct conditions.

Official rule

What is different?

The conditions named.M20-M25 is “Other joint disorders (M20-M25)”; M40 is “Kyphosis and lordosis”.

Registry fact

Can these codes be reported together?

Yes, when both are documented.M20-M25 lists M40 under Excludes2: “joints of the spine (M40-M54)”. Excludes2 marks distinct conditions that may both be reported when both are documented.

Official ruleGuide: Excludes1 vs Excludes2

Is there an Excludes1 relationship?

None.Neither entry carries an Excludes1 note that names the other code. M40 carries 3 Excludes1 notes covering other codes; the side-by-side table quotes them.

Official rule

Is there an Excludes2 relationship?

Yes.M20-M25’s tabular entry: “joints of the spine (M40-M54)”. The note covers M40.

Official ruleGuide: Excludes1 vs Excludes2

Is one more specific?

Not comparable.The codes sit in different categories; specificity is only comparable within one category.

Is one a parent or header code?

Both are headers.Both are non-billable headers, and neither contains the other.

Registry fact

Are there sequencing instructions?

None.Neither entry carries a Code First or Use Additional Code note that names the other.

Official rule

Are there other coding relationships?

None found.No laterality, encounter-phase, Table of Neoplasms, Table of Drugs and Chemicals, or history-versus-active-disease relationship links these codes.

MedCoder-derived

Official rule: a tabular instructional note or a section of the ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines, quoted as published. Registry fact: the codes’ own published attributes (titles, billable status, position in the hierarchy, code set). MedCoder-derived: a reading MedCoder computes from those facts; it is not itself a rule. How to read the labels

Can these codes be reported together?

Informational

Excludes2 relationship

M20-M25

Other joint disorders (M20-M25)

↔

M40

Kyphosis and lordosis

What we found

Yes, when both are documented.M20-M25 carries an Excludes2 note covering M40: “joints of the spine (M40-M54)”

Excludes2 marks distinct conditions — both may be reported when both are documented.

What to review

Report both only when the documentation supports both conditions; otherwise report the one documented.

Guide: Excludes1 vs Excludes2 Check these on a claim

Why it matters

An Excludes2 note means the excluded condition is not part of the code above it, but a patient can have both. Report both when both are documented.

Source / rule

CMS ICD-10-CM tabular instructional notes

Official guidance behind these answers

Section I.A.12.b — Excludes2 · applies to: Excludes2
A type 2 Excludes note represents “Not included here.” An excludes2 note indicates that the condition excluded is not part of the condition represented by the code, but a patient may have both conditions at the same time. When an Excludes2 note appears under a code, it is acceptable to use both the code and the excluded code together, when appropriate.
ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines FY2026

Quoted from the ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting in effect for the release shown. The tabular notes above are the code-level instruction; these sections are the convention that says how such a note is applied. Source document (CMS PDF) · Release and checksum

Side by side

	M20-M25Other joint disorders (M20-M25)	M40Kyphosis and lordosis
Billing status	Non-billable header	Non-billable header Report instead: M40.00, M40.03, M40.04, M40.05, M40.10
Classification	M00-M99 — Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System and Connective Tissue (M00-M99)	M00-M99 — Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System and Connective Tissue (M00-M99)
Definition	Other joint disorders (M20-M25) is a non-billable ICD-10-CM category code (M20-M25).	Kyphosis and lordosis is a non-billable ICD-10-CM category code (M40).
Excludes1	—	congenital kyphosis and lordosis (Q76.4) kyphoscoliosis (M41.-) postprocedural kyphosis and lordosis (M96.-)
Excludes2	joints of the spine (M40-M54)	—
Code first	—	underlying disease

Notes are the code’s own tabular entry, quoted as published. A note that names the other code is the one the verdict above rests on.

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Derived from the official CMS ICD-10-CM tabular data (FY2027). A coding-rule comparison, not billing advice: payer-specific edits and medical-necessity policy are outside its scope. All data sources