M40 vs M41

M40 (Kyphosis and lordosis) compared with M41 (Scoliosis), from the official CMS tabular data. Do not report these codes together: the official tabular list marks them Excludes1.

Can these codes be reported together?

No — do not report together. M40 carries an Excludes1 note covering M41: “kyphoscoliosis (M41.-)”

Sole exception: when the two conditions are documented as unrelated to each other (ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines, Section I.A.12.a).

Side by side

	M40Kyphosis and lordosis	M41Scoliosis
Billing status	Non-billable header Report instead: M40.00, M40.03, M40.04, M40.05, M40.10	Non-billable header Report instead: M41.00, M41.02, M41.03, M41.04, M41.05
Classification	M00-M99 — Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System and Connective Tissue (M00-M99)	M00-M99 — Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System and Connective Tissue (M00-M99)
Definition	Kyphosis and lordosis is a non-billable ICD-10-CM category code (M40).	Scoliosis is a non-billable ICD-10-CM category code (M41).
Includes	—	kyphoscoliosis
Code first	underlying disease	—

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Derived from the official CMS ICD-10-CM tabular data (FY2026). Not billing advice; verify sequencing rules for the encounter. All data sources