R41.81 vs R54
R41.81 (Age-related cognitive decline) compared with R54 (Age-related physical debility), from the official CMS tabular data. Do not report these codes together: the official tabular list marks them Excludes1.
Can these codes be reported together?
No — do not report together. R54 carries an Excludes1 note covering R41.81: “age-related cognitive decline (R41.81)”
Sole exception: when the two conditions are documented as unrelated to each other (ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines, Section I.A.12.a).
No — do not report together. R54 carries an Excludes1 note covering R41.81: “senility NOS (R41.81)”
Sole exception: when the two conditions are documented as unrelated to each other (ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines, Section I.A.12.a).
Side by side
| R41.81Age-related cognitive decline | R54Age-related physical debility | |
|---|---|---|
| Billing status | Billable | Billable |
| Classification | R00-R99 — Symptoms, Signs and Abnormal Clinical and Laboratory Findings, Not Elsewhere Classified (R00-R99) | R00-R99 — Symptoms, Signs and Abnormal Clinical and Laboratory Findings, Not Elsewhere Classified (R00-R99) |
| Definition | Age-related cognitive decline is a billable ICD-10-CM diagnosis code (R41.81). | Age-related physical debility is a billable ICD-10-CM diagnosis code (R54). |
| Includes | Senility NOS | Frailty Old age Senescence Senile asthenia |
Derived from the official CMS ICD-10-CM tabular data (FY2026). Not billing advice; verify sequencing rules for the encounter. All data sources