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S31.122 vs T18.5

S31.122 (Laceration of abdominal wall with foreign body, epigastric region without penetration into peritoneal cavity) compared with T18.5 (Foreign body in anus and rectum), from the official CMS tabular data.

Current data releases:ICD-10-CM FY2027 · ICD-10-PCS FY2027 · HCPCS October 2026 · MS-DRG v44 · Medicare Code Editor v44.0 · NCCI PTP Q4 2026 · MUE Q4 2026 · NCD code lists 2026-01 · LCD export September 28, 2026 · All releases and sources

Summary

These codes can be reported together when both conditions are documented, because S31.122 lists T18.5 under Excludes2, which marks them as distinct conditions.

Official rule
What is different?

The conditions named.S31.122 is “Laceration of abdominal wall with foreign body, epigastric region without penetration into peritoneal cavity”; T18.5 is “Foreign body in anus and rectum”.

Registry fact

Can these codes be reported together?

Yes, when both are documented.S31.122 lists T18.5 under Excludes2: “effects of foreign body in anus and rectum (T18.5)”. Excludes2 marks distinct conditions that may both be reported when both are documented.

Official ruleGuide: Excludes1 vs Excludes2

Is there an Excludes1 relationship?

None.Neither entry carries an Excludes1 note that names the other code. S31.122 carries 1 Excludes1 note covering other codes; the side-by-side table quotes them.

Official rule

Is there an Excludes2 relationship?

Yes.S31.122’s tabular entry: “effects of foreign body in anus and rectum (T18.5)”. The note covers T18.5.

Official ruleGuide: Excludes1 vs Excludes2

Is one more specific?

Not comparable.The codes sit in different categories; specificity is only comparable within one category.

Is one a parent or header code?

Both are headers.Both are non-billable headers, and neither contains the other.

Registry fact

Are there sequencing instructions?

None.Neither entry carries a Code First or Use Additional Code note that names the other.

Official rule

Are there other coding relationships?

None found.No laterality, encounter-phase, Table of Neoplasms, Table of Drugs and Chemicals, or history-versus-active-disease relationship links these codes.

MedCoder-derived

Official rule: a tabular instructional note or a section of the ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines, quoted as published. Registry fact: the codes’ own published attributes (titles, billable status, position in the hierarchy, code set). MedCoder-derived: a reading MedCoder computes from those facts; it is not itself a rule. How to read the labels

Can these codes be reported together?

Informational

Excludes2 relationship

S31.122
Laceration of abdominal wall with foreign body, epigastric region without penetration into peritoneal cavity
↔
T18.5
Foreign body in anus and rectum

What we found

Yes, when both are documented.S31.122 carries an Excludes2 note covering T18.5: “effects of foreign body in anus and rectum (T18.5)”

Excludes2 marks distinct conditions — both may be reported when both are documented.

What to review

Report both only when the documentation supports both conditions; otherwise report the one documented.

Guide: Excludes1 vs Excludes2Check these on a claim

Why it matters

An Excludes2 note means the excluded condition is not part of the code above it, but a patient can have both. Report both when both are documented.

Source / rule

CMS ICD-10-CM tabular instructional notes

Official guidance behind these answers

  • Section I.A.12.b — Excludes2 · applies to: Excludes2

    A type 2 Excludes note represents “Not included here.” An excludes2 note indicates that the condition excluded is not part of the condition represented by the code, but a patient may have both conditions at the same time. When an Excludes2 note appears under a code, it is acceptable to use both the code and the excluded code together, when appropriate.

    ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines FY2027

Quoted from the ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting in effect for the release shown. The tabular notes above are the code-level instruction; these sections are the convention that says how such a note is applied. Source document (CMS PDF) · Release and checksum

Side by side

Similar descriptions do not make codes interchangeable. The documentation and the official instructions decide which code applies.

Official descriptionDiffers
S31.122

Laceration of abdominal wall with foreign body, epigastric region without penetration into peritoneal cavity

T18.5

Foreign body in anus and rectum

StatusDiffers
S31.122
Non-billable header

A header is not reported on a claim; a code beneath it is.

Report instead: S31.122A, S31.122D, S31.122S

T18.5
Non-billable header

A header is not reported on a claim; a code beneath it is.

Report instead: T18.5XXA, T18.5XXD, T18.5XXS

Excludes1Differs
S31.122
  • traumatic amputation of part of abdomen, lower back and pelvis (S38.2-, S38.3)
T18.5

None at this code

Excludes2Differs
S31.122
  • open wound of abdominal wall with penetration into peritoneal cavity (S31.6-)
  • open wound of hip (S71.00-S71.02)
  • open fracture of pelvis (S32.1--S32.9 with 7th character B)
  • burns and corrosions (T20-T32)
  • effects of foreign body in anus and rectum (T18.5)
  • effects of foreign body in genitourinary tract (T19.-)
  • effects of foreign body in stomach, small intestine and colon (T18.2-T18.4)
  • frostbite (T33-T34)
  • insect bite or sting, venomous (T63.4)
T18.5
  • foreign body in pharynx (T17.2-)
  • foreign body accidentally left in operation wound (T81.5-)
  • foreign body in penetrating wound - See open wound by body region
  • residual foreign body in soft tissue (M79.5)
  • splinter, without open wound - See superficial injury by body region
Use additional codeDiffers
S31.122

None at this code

T18.5
  • code, if known, for foreign body entering into or through a natural orifice (W44.-)
Code alsoDiffers
S31.122
  • any associated:
  • spinal cord injury (S24.0, S24.1-, S34.0-, S34.1-)
  • wound infection
T18.5

None at this code

CategoryDiffers
S31.122

S31 Open wound of abdomen, lower back, pelvis and external genitals

T18.5

T18 Foreign body in alimentary tract

ChapterSame for both

S00-T88 — Injury, Poisoning and Certain Other Consequences of External Causes (S00-T88)

IncludesDiffers
S31.122
  • injuries to the abdominal wall
  • injuries to the anus
  • injuries to the buttock
  • injuries to the external genitalia
T18.5
  • Foreign body in rectosigmoid (junction)
7th characterDiffers
S31.122
  • The appropriate 7th character is to be added to each code from category S31
T18.5
  • The appropriate 7th character is to be added to each code from category T18

No Code first note at either code.

Notes are the code’s own tabular entry, quoted as published. A note that names the other code is the one the verdict above rests on. In a row that differs, notes every code shares are dimmed.

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Derived from the official CMS ICD-10-CM tabular data (FY2027). A coding-rule comparison, not billing advice: payer-specific edits and medical-necessity policy are outside its scope. All data sources