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C90.1 ICD-10-CM Code: Plasma cell leukemia

Billing Status: NO. This is a clinician non-billable / parent hierarchy grouping in the ICD-10-CM system.

Coding at a Glance

Tabular directives
1 inclusion term · 1 Excludes1 · 4 Excludes2

Coding instructions

Official Tabular Instructional Notes: the inclusion, exclusion and sequencing notes published for C90.1 in the official ICD-10-CM tabular list, quoted as published.

Source: CMS/CDC — ICD-10-CM Tabular ListRelease: FY2026Effective: October 1, 2025

Notes without a marker are published on C90.1 itself; “inherited from” names the category or block whose note applies here.

Inclusion Terms

Alternative terms the tabular list files under this code.

  • Plasmacytic leukemia

Excludes1 — Not Coded Here

Conditions generally not reported together with this code (Excludes1) -- an error unless the two conditions are documented as unrelated to each other (ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines, Section I.A.12.a).

Source: inherited from C90

Excludes2 — Not Included Here

Conditions not covered by this code, but which may be reported alongside it when both are present.

Source: inherited from C81-C96

Coder workflow for C90.1

MedCoder structured workflow — derived from this code’s own official record

Before you code C90.1

  1. C90.1 is not reportable as written. Select the more specific code beneath it that the documentation supports. Codes are reported to the highest level of specificity the classification provides (Guidelines I.B.2).

    ReviewC90.10, C90.11, C90.12

    See the relationships section · Guide: How to choose an ICD-10-CM code →

  2. Confirm the documented site and behavior (this code’s block classifies malignant neoplasms), whether the site is primary or secondary, and whether the malignancy is current or a personal history: a previously excised malignancy with no further treatment and no evidence of disease is history, not current disease. Verify the site against the Table of Neoplasms. Neoplasm chapter guidelines (Guidelines I.C.2.a, I.C.2.d, I.C.2.m).

    See the Table of Neoplasms entries · Guide: Active cancer vs history of cancer →

  3. Check the Excludes1 note: if the documentation supports a condition named there, do not simply proceed with C90.1. Excludes1 conditions are not reported together with this code unless the record shows they are unrelated (Guidelines I.A.12.a).

    See the official tabular notes

Choose the right path

  1. Does the documentation support one of the more specific codes beneath C90.1?
    Yes → Select that code and continue the checks below on its own page.
    No → C90.1 cannot be reported as written; query for the specificity its subcategory needs.

    ReviewC90.10, C90.11, C90.12

  2. Does the documentation support a condition named in C90.1’s Excludes1 note?
    Yes → Do not simply proceed: review the excluded code. Both are reported only when the record shows the two conditions are unrelated.
    No → Continue.

    ReviewZ85.79

Consider C90.1. Then confirm the code is valid for the date of service in the Verify section.

Documentation check

The provider’s diagnostic statement
Codes are assigned from the provider’s documented diagnosis, not from clinical criteria, test values or a medication list (Guidelines I.A.19).
Anatomical site
At the most specific level the record states; a site the classification separates cannot be assumed from a procedure or a measurement.
Behavior and current-versus-history status
Malignant, in situ, benign or uncertain; primary or secondary; current disease or personal history (Guidelines I.C.2.m).

Official instructions as workflow

  • Excludes1 — check before selecting C90.1(1 note)

    Coding workflow: If the documentation supports a condition named in this note, do not simply proceed with C90.1: the two are not reported together. The one exception is when the record shows the two conditions are unrelated to each other.

    CompareZ85.79

    See the official tabular notes · Guidelines I.A.12.a

  • Excludes2 — not part of C90.1(4 notes)

    Coding workflow: The conditions named in this note are not included in C90.1. When the record documents both, both may be reported; the note is a boundary, not a prohibition.

    CompareC46.3, C77, C79.52, C78.89

    See the official tabular notes · Guidelines I.A.12.b

Coding decision scenarios

Pattern scenarios for this code’s structure — decision rules, not clinical cases

Documentation: Both the condition C90.1 describes and a condition named in its Excludes1 note are documented for the same encounter.

Coding question: Can both codes be reported?

Path: Review the Excludes1 note and the excluded code, and look for a provider statement on whether the two conditions are related.

Reason: Excludes1 means the two are not coded together; the exception is when the record shows the conditions are unrelated to each other (Guidelines I.A.12.a).

ReviewZ85.79

Every row is derived from this code’s own record — its title, tabular notes, 7th-character family and same-category siblings — with fixed MedCoder wording; nothing is inferred about a patient. The official notes and guideline text are in the sections each row links to, and they control.

Code Overview

Plasma cell leukemia is a non-billable ICD-10-CM category code (C90.1). A more specific billable subcode must be selected for claims submission.

MedCoder summary Summary composed by MedCoder from this code's official ICD-10-CM record. The tabular instructional notes themselves appear verbatim below.

Verify Before Coding

From the code registry, the Medicare Code Editor, and the MS-DRG Definitions Manual. Check it against a full claim in Claim Check.

Relationships & Classification

MedCoder structured relationships — computed from published CMS and AHRQ datasets

Other codes that name C90.1 or its code family, from the CMS ICD-10-CM tabular instructional notes. Tabular-note edges are stored at the code family level that carries each note.

Referenced by 2 Excludes1 notes: C76 — Malignant neoplasm of other and ill-defined sites (via C90.-), C94 — Other leukemias of specified cell type.

These codes’ tabular lists mark this diagnosis as mutually exclusive — not reported together unless the conditions are documented as unrelated.

Referenced by 1 Code First instruction: Z15.0 — Genetic susceptibility to malignant neoplasm (via C90.-).

Each of these codes carries a Code First note naming this condition — when that code is reported, THIS code is sequenced first, ahead of it.

Related Codes

Same Index main term, other category

The ICD-10-CM Index to Diseases and Injuries files this code under the main term “Leukemia, leukemic”; these codes share that main term but sit in a different category of the Tabular List.

C91.0 — Acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ALL] (acute lymphoblastic), C91.1 — Chronic lymphocytic leukemia of B-cell type (chronic lymphocytic, of B-cell type), C91.3 — Prolymphocytic leukemia of B-cell type (prolymphocytic, of B-cell type), C91.4 — Hairy cell leukemia (hairy cell), C91.5 — Adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia (HTLV-1-associated) (adult T-cell), C91.6 — Prolymphocytic leukemia of T-cell type (prolymphocytic, of T-cell type), C91.9 — Lymphoid leukemia, unspecified (lymphoid), C91.A — Mature B-cell leukemia Burkitt-type (Burkitt-type, mature B-cell), C91.Z — Other lymphoid leukemia (lymphoid, specified NEC), C92.0 — Acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), C92.1 — Chronic myeloid leukemia, BCR/ABL-positive (chronic myelogenous), C92.2 — Atypical chronic myeloid leukemia, BCR/ABL-negative (atypical chronic myeloid, BCR/ABL-negative), C92.4 — Acute promyelocytic leukemia (AML M3), C92.5 — Acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AML M4), C92.6 — Acute myeloid leukemia with 11q23-abnormality (acute myeloid, NOS, with, 11q23-abnormality), C92.9 — Myeloid leukemia, unspecified (myeloid), C92.A — Acute myeloid leukemia with multilineage dysplasia (acute myeloid, NOS, with, multilineage dysplasia), C92.Z — Other myeloid leukemia (myeloid, specified NEC), C93.0 — Acute monoblastic/monocytic leukemia (AML M5), C93.1 — Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), +11 more

Contextual Map

Every relationship of C90.1 in one view: hierarchy, official tabular instructions in both directions, clinical classification, risk adjustment, MS-DRG participation, index terms and change history — each edge carrying the CMS source it derives from.

Run C90.1 with these 3 related codes in Claim Check

Hierarchy

Referenced by Excludes1 notes

Referenced by Code First instructions

Nearest codes (16)

Change history

  • FY2016 — In the code set at ICD-10-CM adoption [Change history]— CMS release files (code change ledger) · icd10cm-fy2016

Common coding questions

Can C90.1 be billed directly?

No. C90.1 (Plasma cell leukemia) is a non-billable ICD-10-CM category code. A more specific billable subcode must be selected based on clinical documentation.

Sources for this page

Codes, titles, notes, index terms and mappings on this page are transcribed from the datasets below. Relationships MedCoder computed and text MedCoder wrote are labelled where they appear.

Code, title, tabular notes and index terms Official source data
CMS/CDC ICD-10-CM FY2026 tabular list, index and tables, effective October 1, 2025 Release, file and checksum · Publisher’s page
Claim edits Official source data
CMS Definitions of Medicare Code Edits — v43.1 (April 2026) Release, file and checksum · Publisher’s page
Change history and date-of-service validity Official source data
CMS ICD-10-CM release addenda, ingested release by release into the change ledger Release, file and checksum · Publisher’s page
Comparisons, relationships and the contextual map MedCoder structured relationship
Computed by MedCoder from the tabular notes and tables above; every derived relationship is marked as derived where it appears
Summary and FAQ answers MedCoder explanation
Written by MedCoder to explain the sources above: drafted with AI assistance, checked by a person against the release files, and labelled as MedCoder text where it appears. Not official text.

Labels on this page: Official source data · MedCoder structured relationship · MedCoder explanation. How to read the labels · All data sources and release dates

Cite this page

Reference this page in a research guide, syllabus or article. The release is included because code content changes each year.

MedCoder.ai. "C90.1 — Plasma cell leukemia." ICD-10-CM FY2026. https://medcoder.ai/icd10/code/c90.1-plasma-cell-leukemia

Change history

  • FY2016 — October 1, 2015
    In the code set at ICD-10-CM adoption
    Plasma cell leukemia

No changes since FY2016 — additions, deletions, description changes and billable-status changes are tracked through FY2027 (effective October 1, 2026), and none are recorded for this code. Note changes are tracked from FY2027 only.

Nearest Codes in This Family

Official ICD-10-CM classifications closest to C90.1 in its code family, with their registry titles.

View all codes in the C90 family