E87.6
Hypokalemia
Hypokalemia is a metabolic imbalance characterized by a serum potassium concentration below the normal range, typically defined as less than 3.5 mEq/L. Potassium is the primary intracellular cation and is essential for maintaining the resting membrane potential of cells, particularly in excitable tissues like nerves and muscles. Significant depletion can lead to life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias, neuromuscular dysfunction, and renal impairment. Management typically involves addressing the underlying cause and potassium supplementation via oral or intravenous routes depending on severity and clinical symptoms.
Clinical Symptoms
- Muscle weakness
- Myalgia
- Fatigue
- Palpitations
- Constipation
- Hyporeflexia
- Cardiac arrhythmias
- Polyuria
- Paralysis (in severe cases)
Common Causes
- Diuretic therapy (loop and thiazide diuretics)
- Gastrointestinal losses (vomiting, diarrhea, laxative abuse)
- Hyperaldosteronism
- Inadequate dietary intake
- Renal tubular acidosis
- Insulin administration
- Hypomagnesemia
- Excessive sweating
Documentation & Coding Tips
Document the underlying etiology to support medical necessity for treatment.
Example: Hypokalemia secondary to chronic furosemide use for heart failure.
Record the specific serum potassium level and clinical manifestations like EKG changes.
Example: Patient presented with serum potassium of 2.8 mEq/L and U waves on EKG.
Differentiate between acute and chronic presentations if applicable for clinical clarity.
Example: Acute hypokalemia following severe viral gastroenteritis.