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F51.9 ICD-10-CM Code: Sleep disorder not due to a substance or known physiological condition, unspecified

Billing Status: YES. This is a valid, specific, and billable ICD-10-CM reference.

Coding at a Glance

Tabular directives
1 inclusion term · 1 Excludes2

Inpatient Payment Groups (MS-DRG)

Potential MS-DRG participation — not a DRG assignment.

MS-DRGs this diagnosis helps define, as principal or secondary, per the CMS ICD-10-CM/PCS MS-DRG Definitions Manual v43, Appendix B.

  • MS-DRG 887 — OTHER MENTAL DISORDER DIAGNOSES (MDC 19)

A diagnosis appearing in a group's logic does not by itself determine the DRG assigned to a stay; the grouper uses the full claim.

Coding instructions

Official Tabular Instructional Notes: the inclusion, exclusion and sequencing notes published for F51.9 in the official ICD-10-CM tabular list, quoted as published.

Notes without a marker are published on F51.9 itself; “inherited from” names the category or block whose note applies here.

Inclusion Terms

Alternative terms the tabular list files under this code.

  • Emotional sleep disorder NOS

Excludes2 — Not Included Here

Conditions not covered by this code, but which may be reported alongside it when both are present.

Source: inherited from F51

Coder workflow for F51.9

MedCoder structured workflow — derived from this code’s own official record

Before you code F51.9

  1. Unspecified does not mean incorrect. When the record gives no greater specificity, F51.9 may be the appropriate code. Check the record for detail that supports a more specific sibling. An unspecified code is for records that do not provide the detail a more specific code needs; a query, not an assumption, is the route to specificity (Guidelines I.A.9.b, I.B.18).

    ReviewF51.0, F51.1, F51.3, F51.4, F51.5, F51.8

    See the relationships section · Guide: Other vs unspecified (NEC vs NOS) →

  2. F51.9’s title joins a condition with an associated condition or complication. Confirm each component is documented. Where the classification presumes the link through the “with” convention, only a provider statement that the conditions are unrelated defeats it. A combination code is assigned only when it fully identifies the documented conditions; a required second code for the stage, type or manifestation is still reported when the notes ask for it (Guidelines I.B.9, I.A.15).

    Guide: Combination codes →

Choose the right path

  1. Does the record document the detail a more specific sibling code needs?
    Yes → Review the specific siblings in this subcategory.
    No → Continue — F51.9 is appropriate when the documentation goes no further.

    ReviewF51.0, F51.1, F51.3, F51.4, F51.5, F51.8

Consider F51.9. Then confirm the code is valid for the date of service in the Verify section.

Documentation check

The provider’s diagnostic statement
Codes are assigned from the provider’s documented diagnosis, not from clinical criteria, test values or a medication list (Guidelines I.A.19).
The associated condition or complication
Whether the associated condition the title names is documented; the “with” convention presumes some links, and a provider statement that the conditions are unrelated defeats it (Guidelines I.A.15).
Any detail beyond this code’s title
What the record states that a more specific sibling code would capture — or its absence, which itself supports the unspecified code.

Official instructions as workflow

  • Excludes2 — not part of F51.9(1 note)

    Coding workflow: The conditions named in this note are not included in F51.9. When the record documents both, both may be reported; the note is a boundary, not a prohibition.

    CompareG47

    See the official tabular notes · Guidelines I.A.12.b

Coding decision scenarios

Pattern scenarios for this code’s structure — decision rules, not clinical cases

Documentation: The provider documents the condition in the terms of this code’s title and records no further detail.

Coding question: Is a more specific sibling code supportable?

Path: Review the specific siblings in this subcategory and what each requires the record to state.

Reason: A more specific code needs documentation of the distinguishing element; without it the unspecified code is appropriate, and a provider query is the route to specificity (Guidelines I.A.9.b, I.B.18).

ReviewF51.0, F51.1, F51.3, F51.4, F51.5, F51.8

Documentation: Only one of the components this code’s title joins is documented.

Coding question: Is F51.9 supported?

Path: Review the code for the documented component on its own.

Reason: A combination code is assigned only when it fully identifies the documented conditions; otherwise the documented component takes its own code (Guidelines I.B.9).

Every row is derived from this code’s own record — its title, tabular notes, 7th-character family and same-category siblings — with fixed MedCoder wording; nothing is inferred about a patient. The official notes and guideline text are in the sections each row links to, and they control.

Code Overview

Sleep disorder not due to a substance or known physiological condition, unspecified is a billable ICD-10-CM diagnosis code (F51.9).

MedCoder summary Summary composed by MedCoder from this code's official ICD-10-CM record. The tabular instructional notes themselves appear verbatim below.

Indexed Clinical Terms (10)

Official source data — entries quoted as published, in the Index’s own lookup phrasing

Clinical term phrases from the official ICD-10-CM Index to Diseases and Injuries that map to this code. These are alphabetic-index entries shown as the Index writes them — lookup phrasing, not necessarily the wording of a final diagnosis.

Verify Before Coding

  • No Medicare Code Editor or MS-DRG Definitions Manual restrictions apply to this code.

From the code registry, the Medicare Code Editor, and the MS-DRG Definitions Manual. Check it against a full claim in Claim Check.

Relationships & Classification

MedCoder structured relationships — computed from published CMS and AHRQ datasets

Other codes that name F51.9 or its code family, from the CMS ICD-10-CM tabular instructional notes. Tabular-note edges are stored at the code family level that carries each note.

Referenced by 2 Excludes2 notes across 2 chapters: F98 — Other behavioral and emotional disorders with onset usually occurring in childhood and adolescence (via F51.-), G47 — Sleep disorders (via F51.-).

These codes’ tabular lists name this diagnosis as distinct — both may be reported when both are documented.

MS-DRG Grouper Relationships (FY2026)

Potential MS-DRG participation — not a DRG assignment.

Not on the CMS CC/MCC list — as a secondary diagnosis this code does not change MS-DRG severity.

Named in the grouper logic of 1 MS-DRG: DRG 887 (MDC 19).

From the CMS MS-DRG Definitions Manual (Appendices B and C). Actual DRG assignment depends on the complete claim.

Clinical classification (AHRQ CCSR):NVS016 — Sleep wake disorders (default).

Clinical Classifications Software Refined (CCSR) for ICD-10-CM Diagnoses. Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.

Related Codes

Same clinical category (CCSR)

AHRQ's Clinical Classifications Software groups these diagnoses under the same clinical category (Sleep wake disorders).

F51.05 — Insomnia due to other mental disorder, F51.09 — Other insomnia not due to a substance or known physiological condition, F51.11 — Primary hypersomnia, F51.12 — Insufficient sleep syndrome, F51.13 — Hypersomnia due to other mental disorder, F51.19 — Other hypersomnia not due to a substance or known physiological condition, F51.3 — Sleepwalking [somnambulism], F51.4 — Sleep terrors [night terrors], F51.5 — Nightmare disorder, F51.8 — Other sleep disorders not due to a substance or known physiological condition, G25.81 — Restless legs syndrome, G47.00 — Insomnia, unspecified, G47.01 — Insomnia due to medical condition, G47.09 — Other insomnia, G47.10 — Hypersomnia, unspecified, G47.11 — Idiopathic hypersomnia with long sleep time, G47.12 — Idiopathic hypersomnia without long sleep time, G47.13 — Recurrent hypersomnia, G47.14 — Hypersomnia due to medical condition, G47.19 — Other hypersomnia, +42 more

Same Index main term, other category

The ICD-10-CM Index to Diseases and Injuries files this code under the main terms “Problem”, “Disturbance”, “Sleep”; these codes share that main term but sit in a different category of the Tabular List.

F16.122 — Hallucinogen abuse with intoxication with perceptual disturbance (perceptual due to, phencyclidine intoxication), F40.10 — Social phobia, unspecified (emotions specific to childhood and adolescence, with, shyness), F43.0 — Acute stress reaction (situational, acute), F44.4 — Conversion disorder with motor symptom or deficit (psychomotor), F44.6 — Conversion disorder with sensory symptom or deficit (sensation NEC, hysterical), F44.89 — Other dissociative and conversion disorders (walking, hysterical), F45.8 — Other somatoform disorders (digestive, psychogenic), F45.9 — Somatoform disorder, unspecified (psychogenic), F48.9 — Nonpsychotic mental disorder, unspecified (mental), F50.89 — Other specified eating disorder (feeding NOS, nonorganic), F52.9 — Unspecified sexual dysfunction not due to a substance or known physiological condition (sexual function), F54 — Psychological and behavioral factors associated with disorders or diseases classified elsewhere (mental, associated with diseases classified elsewhere), F60.2 — Antisocial personality disorder (sociopathic), F60.9 — Personality disorder, unspecified (personality), F63.9 — Impulse disorder, unspecified (conduct, compulsive), F66 — Other sexual disorders (psychosexual), F69 — Unspecified disorder of adult personality and behavior (behavioral), F80.9 — Developmental disorder of speech and language, unspecified (language), F81.9 — Developmental disorder of scholastic skills, unspecified (learning), F91.1 — Conduct disorder, childhood-onset type (conduct, unsocialized), +242 more

Contextual Map

Every relationship of F51.9 in one view: hierarchy, official tabular instructions in both directions, clinical classification, risk adjustment, MS-DRG participation, index terms and change history — each edge carrying the CMS source it derives from.

Run F51.9 with these 2 related codes in Claim Check

Hierarchy

Referenced by Excludes2 notes

Clinical classification (CCSR)

MS-DRG Grouper

MDC crossing

  • MDC 19 — Mental Diseases and Disorders[MDC crossing]: “Mental Diseases and Disorders — the grouper's crossing between diagnoses and procedures: a principal diagnosis sets the MDC, and same-MDC procedures move the stay to its surgical DRGs.”— CMS MS-DRG Definitions Manual · FY2026

Index entries (10)

  • Disorder (of), psychogenic NOS, sleep[Index term]— CMS ICD-10-CM Index to Diseases and Injuries · icd10cm-fy2026
  • Disorder (of), sleep, emotional[Index term]— CMS ICD-10-CM Index to Diseases and Injuries · icd10cm-fy2026
  • Disorder (of), sleep, nonorganic[Index term]— CMS ICD-10-CM Index to Diseases and Injuries · icd10cm-fy2026
  • Disturbance (s), sleep, nonorganic origin[Index term]— CMS ICD-10-CM Index to Diseases and Injuries · icd10cm-fy2026
  • Drunkenness (without dependence), sleep[Index term]— CMS ICD-10-CM Index to Diseases and Injuries · icd10cm-fy2026
  • Problem (with) (related to), sleep disorder, child[Index term]— CMS ICD-10-CM Index to Diseases and Injuries · icd10cm-fy2026
  • Sleep, disorder or disturbance, child[Index term]— CMS ICD-10-CM Index to Diseases and Injuries · icd10cm-fy2026
  • Sleep, disorder or disturbance, nonorganic origin[Index term]— CMS ICD-10-CM Index to Diseases and Injuries · icd10cm-fy2026
  • and 2 more

Nearest codes (17)

Change history

  • FY2016 — In the code set at ICD-10-CM adoption [Change history]— CMS release files (code change ledger) · icd10cm-fy2016

Sources for this page

Codes, titles, notes, index terms and mappings on this page are transcribed from the datasets below. Relationships MedCoder computed and text MedCoder wrote are labelled where they appear.

Code, title, tabular notes and index terms Official source data
CMS/CDC ICD-10-CM FY2026 tabular list, index and tables, effective October 1, 2025 Release, file and checksum · Publisher’s page
Claim edits Official source data
CMS Definitions of Medicare Code Edits — v43.1 (April 2026) Release, file and checksum · Publisher’s page
Inpatient payment groups Official source data
CMS MS-DRG Definitions Manual (incl. Appendix B diagnosis index, Appendix C CC/MCC list, Appendix E procedure index) and IPPS Final Rule tables — v43 Release, file and checksum · Publisher’s page
Change history and date-of-service validity Official source data
CMS ICD-10-CM release addenda, ingested release by release into the change ledger Release, file and checksum · Publisher’s page
Comparisons, relationships and the contextual map MedCoder structured relationship
Computed by MedCoder from the tabular notes and tables above; every derived relationship is marked as derived where it appears
Summary and FAQ answers MedCoder explanation
Written by MedCoder to explain the sources above: drafted with AI assistance, checked by a person against the release files, and labelled as MedCoder text where it appears. Not official text.

Labels on this page: Official source data · MedCoder structured relationship · MedCoder explanation. How to read the labels · All data sources and release dates

Change history

  • FY2016 — October 1, 2015
    In the code set at ICD-10-CM adoption
    Sleep disorder not due to a substance or known physiological condition, unspecified

No changes since FY2016 — additions, deletions, description changes and billable-status changes are tracked through FY2027 (effective October 1, 2026), and none are recorded for this code. Note changes are tracked from FY2027 only.

Nearest Codes in This Family

Official ICD-10-CM classifications closest to F51.9 in its code family, with their registry titles.

View all codes in the F51 family